Glossary Updated 22.6.2026

Electric vehicles & charging glossary

A glossary of electric vehicle terms — from battery capacity and charging types to range standards and home charging.

BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle)
A pure electric vehicle that runs exclusively on electricity from a large battery pack and has no internal combustion engine.
CCS (Combined Charging System)
The standard plug for rapid charging in Europe. It is essentially a Type 2 plug combined with two extra large metal pins at the bottom for powerful direct current (DC).
Granny cable / 3-pin plug charger
A charging cable for standard household power sockets. Should only be used in absolute emergencies due to the risk of fire (socket overheating) and very slow charging speeds.
Heat pump
An energy-efficient system for heating the EV's cabin. It uses significantly less battery power than a traditional electric heater, resulting in a longer driving range during winter.
Hybrid (HEV)
A car with both a petrol or diesel engine and an electric motor. The battery charges itself through regenerative braking and cannot be plugged in.
kW vs. kWh
kW (kilowatts) indicates the engine's power output or a charger's speed (how fast the current flows). kWh (kilowatt-hours) indicates the battery's capacity (how much energy it can store, similar to the size of a fuel tank).
Plug-in hybrid (PHEV)
A hybrid car with a larger battery that can be charged from a power outlet. Offers a longer electric-only driving range than a standard hybrid.
Rapid charging / DC charging
Charging with direct current (DC) at high power levels (often 50–350 kW). Typically used on road trips to charge the battery very quickly (e.g., 10–80% in 20–30 minutes).
Type 2 cable
The standard cable for slow and normal charging (AC charging) at home chargers and standard public charging stations in Europe.
Wallbox / Home charger
A wall-mounted charging station for the home that provides safe, stable, and significantly faster charging than a standard household socket.
WLTP (Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure)
The official and most realistic standard for measuring a car's driving range and fuel consumption. Replaces the older and often overly optimistic NEDC standard.